LandAI: Explainable Parcel-Level Land-Use Classification with Multimodal Reasoning
We present the LandAI framework, which enables explainable land-use analysis through geometrically guided reasoning. By introducing GRPO-L1, a multimodal reinforcement learning algorithm, we encourage the model to generate coordinate-based visual references via bounding boxes before producing semantic conclusions. This structured reasoning process helps mitigate conflicts between visual signals and textual priors. In the land-use sample-size comparison, LandAI achieves state-of-the-art classification accuracy with a sample budget equivalent to 25% of the land-use training sample count reported for the comparison model, showing potential for data-scarce regions. Furthermore, LandAI can help identify human label noise in large-scale datasets. Our results show that geometrically guided reasoning can improve the transparency, data efficiency, and reliability of geospatial AI for land-use analysis.
Interpretable Vision-Language Reasoning for Residential Renewal
Assessing the urban renewal urgency enables planners to prioritize interventions and allocate resources effectively. Current visual-based evaluation methods rely primarily on pattern recognition and fail to provide explicit diagnostic reasoning about observed conditions. Vision-language models (VLMs) offer a promising approach by incorporating intrinsic semantic knowledge and enabling interpretable visual reasoning.
面向国土空间规划实施评估的双路径土地利用变化模拟方法
规划实施评估和重点区域调控是国土空间规划进入实施管理阶段后的重要需求。现有土地利用变化模拟多侧重单一路径下的格局预测,难以在统一条件下辨析历史惯性与规划目标导向的差异。为此,提出一种融合历史变化基线与规划目标导向的双路径土地利用变化模拟方法。基于 2019—2024 年土地利用、空间驱动与约束及 2035 年国土空间规划数据,采用马尔可夫链模型与矢量元胞自动机模型构建历史趋势驱动路径;以现状与规划目标的差额为数量约束,构建规划目标牵引路径;进而对双路径结果进行数量结构、空间配置和规划偏离对比与叠置诊断。以常州市武进区中心城区为研究区,结果表明:模型回测中,数量预测的 L1 精度为 0.98,空间模拟的总体精度、Kappa 系数和优值因子分别为 0.92、0.90 和 0.26;双路径差异主要集中于农用地、城镇住宅用地、工业仓储用地和商业服务业用地,并在外围发展区、既有开发区及工业连续带边缘集聚;双路径协调区、历史惯性偏离区、规划实施难点区和规划调整不稳定区分别占研究区的 48.21%、18.90%、27.12%和 5.77%。
